Kyrgyzstan’s parliament has voted to dissolve itself to clear the way for snap parliamentary elections, scheduled for 30^th November. Endorsed by Kyrgyz President Sadyr Zhaparov, the snap election will be the first parliamentary electoral contest held under the country’s new, completely majoritarian election system. Under the new system, Kyrgyzstan’s electoral map will consist of 30 districts, with each to be represented by three MPs. 

Elected in January 2021, President Zhaparov was first appointed Prime Minister and then assumed power as Acting President amidst civil unrest following the October 2020 parliamentary elections. Its results, which favoured the parties supporting former Kyrgyz President Sooronbay Jeenbekov, sparked mass protests over alleged voter fraud, resulting in the resignation of Jeenbekov and several other government officials. He was later confirmed as President by a snap election in January 2021, securing nearly 80% of the vote. A snap parliamentary election followed later in 2021, resulting in a sweeping victory for pro-Zhaparov parties.

Observers suggest there are multiple reasons behind the decision to dissolve parliament. Locally, the dissolution of parliament is seen as a necessary continuation of ongoing administrative and territorial reforms to match the borders of territorial districts with electoral constituencies. Another possible reason is the need to legitimize the decisions taken by parliament as Kyrgyzstan continues to undergo significant political pressures, as suggested by alleged coup attempts in recent years. In addition, international observers note that the snap elections were also called to strengthen Zhaparov’s influence over parliament as Bishkek prepares for Presidential elections in 2027.

The upcoming election will likely produce a parliament that remains under strong influence from President Zhaparov, with significant changes to Kyrgyzstan’s party system unlikely. The formation of a new parliament does not necessarily entail the resignation of the government, however this does not rule out changes to the current cabinet.